Condenser



` April 14, 1925.

H. o. Russi-:LLv ET AL CONDENSER Filed Ap'il 18. 1922 Patented Apr. 14, 1925.

,UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CONDENSER.

Application filed April 18, 1922. Serial No. 555,400.r

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HERBERT O. RUSSEL and CHARLES LEIGH PAULUs, citizens of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Condensers, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to electrical condensers in general and more particularly to an improved method of producing same.

The conventional type of yelectrical condenser is constructed by blanking mica units and blanking lead foil or tin foil units. l5 Lead foil and tin foil are not only diiicult to be blanked clean butare veryV hard to assemble into a condenser, in that they occupy excessive space by reason of .the fact that it is practically impossible to assemble this fo1l An imperfection in any one of the foil blanks would cause the conducting blank to contact with its opposite and thus destroy the working ei'ect o the condenser.

It is therefore proposed-to provide a condenser which will obviateiv the aforementioned and o'ther difiicultiesencountered in the use of the conventional ftype. In accomplishing this result mica separators are blanked out with a punch' 'press and upon one side of each blank 3.# ifizating of black oxide of lead, graphite, or similar substance is deposited in the form which is ordinarily taken by lead or tin foil separating the mica blanks in the conventional type of condenser. The blanking is then subjected to any suitable electroplating process and a heavy deposit4 of metal plated overf'the blanking coated with black oxide of lead or graphite. This produces a heavy metal Ideposit on one side of the blank. Projecting from one side 'of each mica blank is a tabwith a row of perforations therein. When the plating process is completed, the tab is broken along B the row of perforations, leaving only the projecting tab of metal. The black oxideof lead or graphite is then cleaned ofi' of the projecting tab. For purposes of assembly,- holes are punched through the mica, and the condenser units are then ready for assembling. A

4By placing these units one upon the other,

' and alternating the sides from which the tabs project, the condenser unit is completed in the preferred form. The tabs' on either side are turned down, thus making alternate without the presence of wrinkles therein.-

connections down each side of the series of tabs. 4There is provided a brass strip to which the tabs are connected. By this construction there is provided a condenser, in the assembling of which there is eliminated the possibility of the presence of any imper feet blank.

.With the foregoing and other objects in view which shall appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the comb1na't1on of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes therein may be made without` departing from the spirit of the invention the specific embodiment of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a front perspective view of the condenser showing the blanks in process of assembly.

Figure 2 is a front perspective view of the l condenser showing the blanks fully assembled with the tabs extended.

Figure 3 is a rear perspective view of the same as in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a view in perspective of the assembled condenser with the tabs bent iiush with the ends of the blanks and the contact pllates disconnected therefrom, but adjacent ereto. Figure 5 is a view in perspective of the fllilly assembled device including the contact p ates. v

Figure 6 is a wiring diagram of the: condenser, showing the electrical connection made by bending the copper tabs over, bringing half of the tabs in contacten one side and the alternates in .contact on the other side.

Referring more particularly to the drawings -the separators are madeof. mica and blanked out in the form of blanks A. Each blank A is provided witlr an extension or tab A series of perforations C are made along the edge of the mica blank A for the purpose of enabling thel mica tabr B to be broken ofi' evenly at the dcsiredtime during theprooess of assembling the condenser. Upon one side of each of the blanks A a coating of black oxide of lead, graphite, or other similar suitable substance is deposited at D. The space occupied by this substance or coating D is in the conventional type of condenser taken u by tin or lead foil. The mica blank A havlng the coating D upon one of its surfaces is then put into an electro- `mica blank A that there is a clearance bethe blanks. Rivets .tween the outer edge of the coating D and the outer edge of the mica blank A, and also a clearance at E around the rivet holes H adapted to receive the rivets I for holding the series of blanks together. Onl the coated surface will receive the metal eposit as mica'. is not sub'ect to an electroplating operation. This earance is necessary 1n order to prevent the ated surface from comin into contact with the rivets which bind t e entire unit together. The extension or tab B is separated fromthe mica blank A along the series of perforations C,

leaving a thin tab B of metal, such as cop-A per, electrically deposited onv the coated surface of the mica tab or extension. The mica.

extension is then broken o' along the line of the afore described perforations C, and the graphite or similar coating is thoroughly cleaned oi of the remaining 'metal tab by mechanical or chemical means. By placing the blanks one upon the other alternately as shown in Figure 1, a complete unit yis formed as shown in Figures2 and 3, each blank having a metal tab on the side 'ivpposite to the tab on the adjacent blank.

1S assembly is easily accom lished b rst providing a suitble iixture ga t e correspo blaiek A. The blanks may then be assembled until the proper number is obtained. .Referring to Figure 4, contact plates F, rovided with lugs G, are slid over ,the e ges of the condenser, crushing the metal tabs into a solid mass and ahgmng the rivet holes are driven through these holes H and riveted over, making a complete condenser unit, as shown-in Figure 5. y

The entire unit is placed in a dry oven and allowed to remain there until it is thoroughly This is necessary and essential because o the fact that although the pores of mica are small, a remaining small portion of the electroplating fluid would destroy the functioning of the condenser. The contact lugs G are used not only for contact but also to mount the condenser in an instrument such as a magneto. This provides a substantial mounting which is an essential point when the condenser is to be used in connection with ma etos in tractors, airplanes, or similar mec anisms where vibration is of such serious magnitude as to'practically prevent the use of a storage battery.

, It will thus be reardily seen that there is provided a condenser which will be more rugged in construction by reason of its use of copper foil rather-than lead foil. The present device will be more cheaply manufactored by reasonof the fact that by this aving our pins to ennding rivet holes H in the In the conventional type of condenser,

lead foil of approximatel .003 of an inch in thiclmess is used. Whi e mica separators themselves are .005 of an inch thick, making a total of .008 of an inch, due to the fact that ,it is practically impossible to eliminate all minute wrinkles fromthe lead foil, this gure often rises to a point in excess of .010 of an inch in thickness. In the case of a condenser bein'guconstructed by the method described in t 's invention, it is possible to use a mica separator of .005 of an inch thick and deposit upon its surface a coating of black oxide of lead not more than .0005 of an inch thick and upon this surface a copper plate of approximately .0015 of an inch thick, making a total thickness of the entire section of `007 of an inch thick. This figure would be very uniform in all the strips due to the fact that the metal coating is deposited absolutely dat kand that the thickness of the metal deposited can be accurately governed b varying the time allowed in the electrop ating machine.

Having thusl described our invention, we claim':

1. An electrical condenser com rising a series of mica sheets, each of sald sheets*4 having a coating of material subect to the action of electrolysis such as le oxide on one face thereof, an electrically deposited plate of copper on said coating. l

2. An electrical' condenser comprising a series of mica sheets, each of4 said sheets having a coating of material subject to the action of electrolysis such as lead oxide on one face thereof, an electrically deposited plate of copper on said coating, alternately arranged copper extensions on either side of said series of copper plated sheets.

3. An electrical condenser comprising a series of mica sheets, each of said sheets having a coating of material subject to the action of electrolysis such as lead oxide on one face thereof, an electrically deposited plate of copperv on said coating, alternately arranged copper extensions on either side of said series of copper plated sheets, said extensions being adapted to be bent iiush int' 'o electrolysis such asl lead oxide on one y of copper on said coatino' fing adapted to come into face thereof, an electrically deposited plate D, alternately arranged copper extensions on either sidel of said series of copper plated sheets, said extensions being adapted to be bent flush With the edge of said series of sheets for the purpose of attaching brass contact plates laround said extensions at either side of said condenser, and rivets passing -through said sheets and contact plates, for the purpose of connecting same together, and a non-conducting area of mica between the rivets in.

said rivet holes and condenser sheets.'v

5. A condenser comprising a series of mica sheets, each of said sheets having a' superimposed coating of material subject to the action of electrolysis Asuch as lead. oxide 011 one face thereof, a copper plate on said coating, the opposite face of said mica sheet bei contact with the copper plate of the adjacent sheet. 6. A method ofv making an electrical condenser, consisting in blanking a series of the copper plate on said mica sheets with an extension at one sidc thereof, said sheets having aligned rivet holes, coating one side of each mica sheet and its extension with material subject to the action of electrolysis such as lead oxide and electrically depositing a copper plate on said coating, removing thev mica extension and leaving the copper plate thereon integrally attached to the sheet, alternately arranging the sheets with relation to the copper plating and the extensions on said sheets, riveting brass contact plates around the edges of said sheets in such a manner that the extensions will lie flush with the edges of the sheets, there being la spacev of mica between the rivets and the copper plates on the said sheets, said contact plates having lugsthereon for the purpose of installation in the devices in which thecondenser is to be used. In testimony whereof We have aHiXed our Signatures.

CHARLES, LEIGH PAULUs. HERBERT OWEN RUSSELL. 

